First, the cause of convulsions and prevention
Carrot belongs to the chloroplast and vernalization crops. According to the different insensitivity of different varieties to low temperature, it can be divided into easy-to-twitch varieties, and more resistant to ticks and sorghum varieties. The easily twitched cultivars can be subjected to flower bud differentiation when they are 4-5 true leaves or even 2-3 true leaves at the seedling stage, and then convuls and flowering in the long-term sunshine conditions in May and June. According to the Japanese scholar's research "Haitian five-inch" type seedlings encountered a low temperature accumulation of more than 360 ° below the temperature of 10 ° C, there is a risk of convulsions, the lower the temperature, the longer the continuous low temperature, the higher the convulsion rate, up to 90 %the above.
It is understood that at present, most of the spring sowing varieties in China still choose the Japanese autumn-selling variety "new black five-inch" or the black-field five-inch variety, such as "Jiyang five-inch". These varieties are all easy to twitch varieties, so in order to avoid losses, spring sowing needs to choose varieties that are not sensitive to low temperature and anti-twitching, such as Japan's "Hongyu Wu", "Xiangyang No. 2", Beijing Vegetable Research Center root vegetables project The hybrid "Red Core No. 4" and the improved variety "Chunhong No. 1".
Second, the cause of malformation and prevention
The malformed roots of carrots often have bifurcations, cracked roots, curved, knob-like protrusions, green shoulders, long fibrous roots, and color variations. The formation of carrot fleshy roots requires good soil conditions, cultivation techniques and climatic conditions. If the tillage layer is too shallow, the soil is rough and there are stones, or the application of unfertilized organic fertilizer, it is easy to cause bifurcation and bending; the soil is not easy to breathe, it is easy to produce tumor-like protrusions and fibrous roots; the water supply during the growth period is uneven, and it is dry. Humidity, easy to lead to the increase of cracked roots; the plough layer is too shallow, the root expansion period does not pay attention to the soil, easy to produce root swelling period in the high temperature period in July and August, causing the accumulation of carotene and lycopene is blocked, resulting in color variation, White or yellow.
Therefore, in order to obtain high-quality and high-yield spring sowing carrots, we should choose sandy soil with good soil fertility and good irrigation and drainage conditions. At the same time, pay attention to the depth of the tillage layer is not less than 25cm, the base fertilizer is applied with decomposed organic fertilizer, the water supply during the growth period is uniform, and the meat quality is Pay attention to the soil at the beginning of the root expansion. The suitable temperature for cartilage root enlargement is 18-25 °C, so the spring planting in northern North China is generally carried out from late March to April 10. The southern part of North China and Central China should be completed from mid-March to early April. The area needs to choose the appropriate sowing date according to the local temperature.
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