The young fruit period is the peak period of infection of early deciduous disease, is the initial stage of rotiferous ring rot disease, and also the peak period of locusts, leafhoppers and scale insects. Therefore, the prevention and control of apple diseases and pests in the young fruit period is crucial for enhancing tree vigor, improving fruit quality, and increasing production and income.
I. Post-trend trend forecast of apple pests
According to weather forecast, the precipitation in June-August is more than in previous years, which is conducive to the infection of fruit tree diseases and is not conducive to the occurrence and damage of insect pests. According to the analysis of the current pest occurrence and weather forecast and other comprehensive factors, it is expected that the late-stage diseases and insect pests in the fruit trees will show a moderate trend. Among them, apple early defoliation disease, powdery mildew disease will occur moderately, and ringworm disease, anthrax, rust disease will occur lightly, and hawthorn leaf pods will occur. , apple leaf roller moths, aphids, scale insects, gold moths, peach borer occur lighter.
Second, prevention and control measures
1. Combine agricultural control with summer shear, improve air and light conditions in the orchard, apply scientific fertilization, and plant clover to detect and remove infested parts or worms, such as sticks, shoots, and fruits, and burn or bury them outside the park.
2. Chemical control
1. Chemical control of diseases The fungicide must be both protective and therapeutic. The protective agent is 75% mancozeb water dispersible granules, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, and the internal absorption therapeutic agent is 10% diphenyl ether ring. Azole water dispersible granules or suspensions, 10% polymycin wettable powders, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powders, etc., protective agents, and therapeutic agents are each selected.
2. Chemical control of insect pests Based on the type and degree of pest occurrence in orchards, symptomatic selection of 2.5% high-performance flumethrin water emulsion, 5% A-dimensional salt water dispersion, 25% diflubenzuron suspension, and 20% killing Urea suspension agent, 48% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate, 5% fenpyroximate suspension, 50% tetracycline suspension, etc.
3, young fruit period is the key period of calcium absorption, at this time appropriate calcium supplement to promote the growth of young fruit.
3, physical control
Install solar insecticidal or frequency-type insecticidal lamps, hanging yellow plates, and sex attractants.
Third, pay attention to matters
1. Disease prevention and control must be based on prevention, and prevention should be done to prevent disease; Pest control should be well controlled.
2. It is the key to control the disease before the harvest. The spraying must be timely and thoughtful.
3. Disease prevention and control shall pay special attention to the relationship between rainfall and onset, and pay attention to the combination of rainfall and timely spraying, and spray as much as possible after rain.
4. When spraying, avoid high temperatures, try to use pesticides alternately. According to the instruction manual, do not increase the dosage arbitrarily, reduce or avoid the occurrence of phytotoxicity and drug resistance.
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