Chestnut trees are happy and grow strong. Pruning helps to build high-yield trees, coordinate growth results, and achieve strong trees, high quality, and high yields. Induced pruning into high-yield trees can achieve early fruiting, early high yield, compact crown, suitable for close planting, increase yield per unit area, slow bald lighting in the crown, make the tree skeleton firm, and reduce pest and harm. Before the pruning, you must master the branch bud characteristics of chestnut trees. Chestnut tree buds are mainly divided into five categories: flower buds (completely mixed buds), incomplete mixed buds, leaf buds, hidden buds, and adventitious buds. Flower buds grow in the first to fourth quarters in front of thick branches. Buds hypertrophy, development and fullness, can draw fruit and fruit. Incompletely mixed buds were born under the flower buds, or in the middle and upper parts of the thin and weak branches. Slightly smaller than flower buds, lack of development, male stems can be drawn. Leaves buds on the development branch, can develop branches, branches and the results of the second year of the mother. The budding buds are born in the lower part of the 1-year-old shoots. The buds are extremely thin and small, and generally do not germinate. When severe short-stimulated stimulation is used, it is possible to germinate and draw the development branch, the result branch, the male branch, the weak branch, or a few leggy branches. Adventitious buds do not have a fixed position on the shoots and can be sprouted when stimulated, which is beneficial to the regeneration of the crown. The branches of chestnut trees are often divided into 5 branches, male branches, developing branches, delicate branches and leggy branches. As a result, the shoots were mostly drawn from several flower buds on the top of the resulting mother shoots. According to their length, they were often divided into hanging fruit branches (30 cm or more in length), middle fruit branches (20 cm to 30 cm in length) and short fruit branches (20 cm in length). (following) three kinds. In a chestnut tree, there are three kinds of strong, medium, and weak branches. Strong result branches, there are 3 - 5 plump mixed buds on the tip of the tendon. In the spring of the 2nd year, 3 - 5 branches can be produced. Weak fruiting branches, the growth of thin precocious shoots, the second year of spring fertilizer and water management is better, can be drawn from a -2 hanging fruit branches, hanging fruit branches in the strong, weak between the two tips can be drawn 2 - 3 result branches. The large number of fruiting branches in the hanging is the main type of branching of fruiting branches. When picking fruit, do not use bamboo rafts and trees to fight indiscriminately. Pay attention to the protection of the hanging fruit mother branch. The growth of the male flower is thin and weak. Only weak male flowers and weak branches can be pumped. After 3 years and 5 years, they will die by themselves. The developmental branch is the main branch type that enlarges the canopy and forms the parental branch of the second year. The number of delicate branches is large, accounting for about 40% of the total branches of the whole tree. The length is less than 10 centimeters. It takes 2 years to 3 years to die. The leggy branches are stimulated by budding buds or adventitious buds to germinate. M - 2 meters, rational use of cultivable backbone stems into fruiting branches. Having mastered the characteristics of shoot buds, it is easy to cultivate and use strong fruiting branches and developmental branches in the establishment of high-yield tree pruning, transform and use good and long branches, remove weak branches and male flowering branches, and achieve strong trees and high yields. High-yielding trees should have the characteristics of low-dry, low-crown, less-dominant, non-lateral, and more fruit-bearing branches, forming a natural development stretch. Dry height 30 cm - 60 cm, 3 - 4 main branches, opening angle 60-70. The tree is about 2 meters high. During plastic surgery, the colonization will be dried before the sprouting in the spring of the year and the height will be 30cm-60cm. For many years, the main task of pruning is to adjust the mass structure and tree structure of the chestnut garden, maintain the balanced supply of fruit and fruit, and adjust the tree structure to create delicate branches and male flower branches. , Insect pests and dense branches of the results of the total elimination of the mother, but also properly removed part of the dense, overlapping branches. For sagging growth or overgrowth, too long sky branches, should be properly reduced shear. The balance of growth results is mainly the method of taking proper amount of branches and shorting the result of the mother branch. The standard of winter repair is to retain 8 rows of 15 results in each m2 canopy projection; another 5 to 6 are left to result in short cuts in the mother branch to promote the germination of the bud, and the result is the next year. group. Chestnut commonly used pruning methods, mainly short, slow release, thinning, shearing and picking the heart of the five methods; tools are thick double-sided saw, high rope pull pruning shears and 9-inch pruning shears. 1) Short cuts can be based on trees for short cuts, short breaks and light cuts. Light and short cuts generally cut about 1/3 of the length of shoots, which can reduce the length of shoots and increase sprouting and branching rate. Young trees below 6 years old are used more often. In the short and medium cut, the cut length of 1/2 can be used to help the branches grow robustly. The trees below 6 years old are trimmed on the main stem, and this method is used to cultivate the result on the shoots. Heavy and short cut, that is cut off the total length of the branches more than 2/3, used to balance the tree potential, promote the preparation of branches and control the results of the parts outside the shift, etc., are often used in older trees. 2) Slow-release, that is not a short-year-old branch, let it natural growth pruning method, can ease the growth of branches, increase the number of branches and results early flowering. This method is mostly applied to slant branches, horizontal branches and sagging of chestnut trees in front of saplings and fruit trees. 3) Topping, mostly used for the cutting of the young tip of the young tree growing in the front, has the effect of delaying growth and increasing branching. 4) Shrinkage shearing, that is, cutting perennial branches, pests and diseases, etc., have the advantage of improving the ventilation conditions within the crown and balanced growth of the tree. Source of information: China Special Product News Editor, China Agriculture Network
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