01, important things said in advance
Why do you want to focus on the abnormalities on the leaves of kiwifruit, because the phrase "people are sick and look good, trees are sick to see the leaves". Many problems in the tree will show relevant symptoms on the leaves. We should regard the leaves as an important way to communicate with the fruit trees.
For example, when the root rot is serious, the leaves will be listless, especially at noon; when the soil is deficient in iron, the newly grown leaves will appear yellow; when the bacteria are infected, the leaves will also show different characteristics of the lesions; In too many cases, the leaves will show the leafy leaves, etc.; and the healthy and strong trees, the leaves are green and oily.
The main points of management in July are as follows: pay attention to prevention of sunburn, management of fertilizer and water, continuous work of summer shears, and prevention of pests and diseases.
In July, the new shoots of kiwifruit began to grow twice, and the kiwifruit fruit expanded in the middle and late stages (premature varieties or areas began to enter the slow-changing sugar-transfer period), summer shear management work should continue, high temperature, drought, heavy rain and other severe weather. It happens from time to time, and we must pay attention to strengthening field management.
02, prevention of sunburn
The kiwi sunburn scene caused by high temperature and drought last year is still in sight. July is also the time period corresponding to “three daysâ€. During the hottest season, we must pay attention to prevent sunburn. The method of preventing sunburn is also said to be more. Here, we will analyze the benefits of grass.
First of all, qualified friends can save water in advance and can ease it when it does not rain for ten days and a half. But the most important thing is the orchard grass that is more respected in the past two years. Is the orchard grass so good? Orchard grass is very effective in improving the microclimate of the orchard. Last year, many people in the industry tested it, the grassy orchard, the summer temperature was as high as 41 degrees, and the grass orchard, the temperature was more than 30 degrees. It can be reduced by about 8 degrees. Grass is very effective in preventing sunburn.
The high water content of the plant itself (the weight before and after the weeds are dried) is equivalent to the construction of a natural reservoir. When high temperature strikes, these weeds can share the heat with the fruit trees, so that the leaves of the fruit trees are not warmed. More. Moreover, the same is watering, the orchard of the grass has better water retention, and the orchard without grass, it may evaporate faster than the fruit tree. On the contrary, if the orchard is not born, most of the heat is concentrated on the fruit trees when the high temperature strikes, and the sunburn is inevitable.
03, kiwifruit fertilizer management
Entering July, the kiwi fruit enters the second fruit expansion period and slows the sugar-transfer period, which is the key period for the fruit to accumulate dry matter. At the same time, it is also the second time of the new shoots, coupled with high temperatures, drought, heavy rainfall and other climates, the orchard should strengthen the management of fertilizer and water.
1. Supplement of excellent fruit fertilizer
The good fruit fertilizer is almost the last time we get the kiwifruit before the picking, and the specific supplement time depends on the difference in the ripening period of kiwifruit caused by the variety difference and regional difference. In general, the good fruit fertilizer is used when the fruit grows into a slow sugar-transfer period to promote the accumulation of more dry matter in the fruit. Early-maturing varieties should pay attention to the beginning of supplementing the excellent fruit fertilizer in the second half of July, and control the use of nitrogen fertilizer, mainly based on low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and appropriate supplementation of calcium fertilizer.
2, irrigation and drainage management
When the orchard is dry, pay attention to irrigation. If the summer temperature is high, the orchard will evaporate quickly. The frequency of irrigation or irrigation can be increased appropriately. The amount of grass in the orchard can be increased appropriately. The weeding can maintain the grass growth of 30 cm per month. When encountering heavy rainfall, it is necessary to pay attention to dredging the irrigation and drainage channels after the rain. Otherwise, water accumulation is likely to cause soil hypoxia, affecting the breathing of the roots of fruit trees. The roots undergo anaerobic respiration and accumulate alcohol. In addition, some harmful gases generated by the anaerobic decomposition of fertilizers can easily cause root rot.
04, summer frame management work
For the prosperous new shoots that are not in place or missed in the previous period, it is necessary to comb and cut the tips in time. The tip of the over-growth, the cross-section of the branches, the growth of the nutrient-competitive shoots, the damaged shoots, and the tips of the pests should be eliminated. The winding portion of the coil at the front end of the new shoot growth should be cut off as much as possible. However, there are also injuries in the growing season of kiwifruit. It is recommended to cut the wounds as little as possible, and to cut the wounds less, and advocate early measures such as germination, topping, and pinching the top.
The long branches of the main vine, side vine or the resulting mother branch should be removed or short-cut in time to inhibit growth. To choose the number of staying buds, do not choose to stay as soon as possible to directly smear. At the same time, the plastic strips are unbundled in the spring, so as not to affect the thickening of the grafted grafts.
In the following time, the risk of heat damage to kiwifruit is relatively large. Many farmers have the idea of ​​leaving more leaves and can properly buffer the occurrence of heat damage, so hesitate to pruning. Maybe everyone thinks that the blade of the surface is burning, and there are blades in the inner layer. The manager is not in favor of this idea. It is recommended that the management of the warehouse be managed.
First of all, the leaves that grow in the inner layer usually do not see the sun grow weak, are less resistant to heat than the outer leaves, and may create more nutrients than the nutrients and water consumed. Secondly, the leaf layer is too thick, and the risk of breeding diseases in the rainy days is very large, and the spraying may not be exhausted.
05, kiwifruit pest control
Diseases should pay attention to the prevention and treatment of brown spots, anthrax and other leaf spot diseases, usually pay attention to drug prevention, frame management work should be diligent, to ensure the absolute ventilation of the orchard frame. Orchards that are prone to disease should pay attention to the rotation of drugs to achieve better control of the spread of lesions.
In early July, it is also the peak period of active growth of some chafers. It is necessary to pay attention to reducing the number of adult insects, thereby reducing the number of eggs laid and reducing the number of insects in the coming year. In addition, for nightingale pests, light can be used to trap adult worms, chemical agents to prevent larvae of mites, and pests such as mites and red spiders.
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