A single seed of a mango single-embryonic variety sprouted only one seedling, and a multi-embryonic variety could grow into a plurality of seedlings. The single-embryonic seed has only one embryo (sexual embryo), the embryo is large, and the single seedling developed is strong; the polyembryonic seed has multiple embryos, the embryo is smaller, and the multiple seedlings developed are weaker. In the past, it was emphasized that single-embryo varieties were used as rootstocks. However, the consistency of rootstocks is very important to improve mango yield and quality. Single-embryo seedlings are sexual seedlings and their growth performance is very different. The great differences in growth and yield of different plants in the orchard may be caused by rootstocks. Therefore, the seeds of multi-embryonic cultivars should be selected after the experiment to cultivate rootstock seedlings. In the past, it was recommended to use smaller amounts of fruit, less flesh, poor quality and full-embedded earthen awns as rootstocks. These soil awns are mostly single-embryo and grow strong. For these reasons, it is not ideal. As for the multi-embryonic variety suitable for rootstocks, it still needs to be determined by experiments such as grafting affinity, adaptability, and high yield. Seedlings are mainly used as rootstock or breeding tests. The seeds used to cultivate seedlings should be from the same variety, harvested from mature fruit, and the seeds should be full, disease-free, and insect-free. Remove the seeds as soon as possible because the mango embryos are sensitive to water loss. Once dried, the germination power is rapidly reduced. Seeds should be stripped of fibrous skin and membranous layer, immersed in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 1 minute, and removed by air drying. The seeding substrate is preferably medium coarse sand or vermiculite, and the bed thickness is 30 cm. If it is a used seedbed, it should be sprayed with a 1% aqueous solution of formalin, covered with a plastic film for 24 hours, and then allowed to dry for 24 hours. Embryos can also be moistened in the dark to germinate and then sown. When the seeds are sown, the embryos are laid flat. The single embryos make the germs in the same direction and are arranged closely, with a 15 cm spacing. After sowing, it is covered with a layer of 2 cm thick river sand or vermiculite. If you do not cover plastic film moisturizing, high temperatures, low humidity, you must daily water. If the cover film is shaded and moisturized, it can be applied once every 3-5 days. In Guangzhou, sowing from June to October, 15-20 days seedlings can be unearthed, generally transplanted with 3-5 leaves in the nursery. The polyembryonic seeds can be divided into 3-4 seedlings. The size of the seedlings should be slightly classified and the weak seedlings removed. Single embryo seedlings can be transplanted at a later time. In order to cultivate high-quality seedlings, it is better to use seedling bags with a length of 30-40 cm or more and packed soil of 3 kg or more to cultivate rootstock seedlings for grafting. Because there are few mango fibrous roots, bag seedlings are conducive to the survival of transplanting. To grow seedlings at the nursery, the more clay soil is selected so that it is easy to bring mudballs when raising seedlings. When transplanting, it is necessary to cut off some of the main roots, leaving about 10 cm or coiling the main root to promote lateral roots. The soil of the nursery bags can be slightly sanded, but due to the fact that fertilization is not as convenient as in the ground, it should be mixed with sufficient amount of decomposed organic fertilizer to ensure that the root system develops well. After transplanting, the shading should be continued until the leaves are fully transcribed, and the branches are fully cooked and then fully illuminated. Single-embryonic seeds can also be broadcast directly in seedling bags.
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