Choose good stock and scion. Rootstocks should be selected for disease resistance, low temperature resistance, and varieties with strong value-added production. At present, in Shandong and Liaoning provinces, the best rootstock varieties that have been reflected are the “Sandiya†brand rootstocks that have been imported from the United States by the famous premium agricultural products development and service center in Liaoning Province, which is currently the only one in China. The four-resistance rootstocks are highly resistant to various soil-borne diseases. After grafting, the seeding nature of the scion is unchanged, the yield is 1-2 times higher than that of the root seedling, and the quality is improved. The scion can be selected according to local customs and sales targets.
Rootstock soaking and germination. (1) Warming germination. The seeds to be germinated were put into a small water-permeable cloth or woolen sock, which was well-knotted and soaked in fresh water for 48 hours. Put into a thermostat, the temperature began to adjust to 20 °C for 16 hours, and then transferred to 30 °C for 8 hours, so the temperature is repeated twice a day, while washing once a day with water, about 8 days to start germination, 10-12 After the days of buds are basically equal, the radicle grows 1-2 mm long sowing is the most suitable. Without an incubator, budding takes about 15 days at room temperature.
(2) Live seed germination method of seedbed. The law is suitable for the farmers themselves to germinate or factory seedlings, generally 20-30 grams per square meter seedbed seeded. First of all, the site preparation, the bed soil is best to use sandy loam soil, about 5 cm thick. The seedbed is poured into water, and the prepared rootstock seeds are evenly spread on the seedbed. The seeds are covered with 3-5mm sand.
The stocking and seedling management of rootstocks and scions can be performed as usual.
sowing. In order to coordinate the appropriate timing of grafting of scion and rootstock, the sowing date of both must be adjusted. Generally, the scion should be sown when the cotyledons are exposed on the rootstock.
Grafting time. Eggplant grafted on the rootstock has 5-6 true leaves (ie about 0.4-0.5 cm stem diameter) for the optimal grafting period. After the rootstock leaves 2 leaves, the upper part of the eggplant is removed at one time.
Grafting method. (1) splicing method: cut the processed rootstock from the incision along the centerline of the stem downwards by an incision of 1-1.5cm depth, and then leave the scionling seedlings to leave 1 leaf 1 heart cut into a wedge with a bevel length of 1-1.6cm. (Appropriate to the incision of the rootstock), immediately insert it into the incision of the rootstock so that the incision is tightly aligned and then secure with the graft clip. (2) Inclined connection method: on the well-treated rootstock, use a blade to incline between the nodes above the second true leaf to form a slope of 30 degrees. The slope is 1-1.5 cm long. Take scion seedlings, keep 2-3 leaves at the top, use a blade to cut into the opposite slope of the rootstock, remove the lower part, and the slope length is about 1-1.5 cm. Then fasten the two bevels together, align them, and fix them with clips.
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