The autumn potato has a short growth period, is well-listed for the season, is resistant to storage and transportation, and has a high price. It is also a good late-autumn crop for disaster relief. In the reform farming system, the multiple cropping index can be increased, the yield per unit area can be increased, and higher economic benefits can be obtained in a shorter period of time. However, the cultivation of autumn potato was affected by high temperature in the early stage, and it was easy to cause poor seedlings and seedlings. In the late period, it was affected by low temperature and the growth period was insufficient, which affected the yield. To achieve higher yields, you should master the following high yielding methods:
The use of good varieties of potatoes suitable for autumn sowing requires the formation of plump vegetative organs in the late autumn and early winter climate. Therefore, potato varieties suitable for autumn sowing must be selected, such as Kexin No. 3 and No. 4, Dongnong 303, Xinjing No. 4, Zhongshu No. 3, Zhongshu No. 4 and Huaisu No. 6 and so on. These varieties have the advantages of short dormancy period, early maturity, high yield, lodging resistance, strong adaptability, neat tuber, thin skin, small buds, etc. They are excellent edible varieties.
Seed treatment in autumn sowing, generally in the high temperature and rainy season, it is easy to rotten species, should the whole potato sowing. It is best to use about 50 grams of potato chips as seed potatoes. Put the seed potatoes into the gibberellin solution with a content of 5 mg per liter for a week before sowing, soak for 5 minutes, remove and put them on the sand bed to germinate. The buds are 2 cm long. Take it out and put it in a cool place with scattered light. Seed sowing after 2 or 3 days.
Timely sowing of autumn potatoes from sowing to ripening requires more than 65 days of growth. Potatoes are happy and cool. The suitable temperature during the growth period is 16-20°C. Autumn potatoes need to avoid high temperatures. Generally, they are sown after the summer heat and the autumnal equinox, that is, from the end of August to the beginning of September. It is best to catch the rainfall before and after sowing. If the drought is not rainy, it is necessary to drench the drought with thin manure water in the sowing ditch to promote the germination and growth of the seed potatoes.
Fertilizers for autumn potatoes should pay attention to the application of basic fertilizers. Generally, 2000 to 2500 kilograms of pig manure and soil miscellaneous fertilizer are applied per mu, 15 to 20 kilograms of superphosphate, and 10 to 15 kilograms of potassium chloride, applied to the ditch (hole). As base fertilizer. After the emergence of combined with cultivator, with 10 ~ 15 kg of urea per acre dripping with water for topdressing. If you encounter autumn drought when you sow, except for sowing wet ditch (acupoints) before sowing, every 3 to 4 days after sowing, you should continue to fight drought 2 or 3 times, and should be on cloudy or sunny days.惫嗉迸殴 惫嗉迸殴 惫嗉迸殴 喾 喾 喾 喾 ? ? 庖 庖 庖 鹄 鹄 鹄 鹄 鹄 鹄 绺 绺 绺 绺 绺 绺 0 0 0 about 0 centimeters when the culturing peony, in order to facilitate the development of potato roots and root formation.
About 15 days after the sowing of the field management, when the seedlings grow about 3 cm in the soil, weeding and weeding is performed to ensure that the oxygen supply promotes the conversion of starch into sugar and the protein is converted into amino acids. It takes about 35 days for flowering to appear. It requires weeding and weeding twice. During the flowering period, the soil is ditched and the height is 20 cm. When the seedling height is 10-15 cm, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer can be applied to promote hair growth. During the potato stage, it is best to spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate once more on the foliage. After the closure of the line, manual weeding should be carried out 1 or 2 times, and the adjacent branches should be removed at the same time to concentrate the nutrients for the growth of the tubers.
To prevent leggy growers in wet and rainy years, potato growth should be guarded against leggy in the middle and late stages. Apprentices should expand the underground potato wedges and strive for high yields. Measures should be taken to prevent leggy. The main inhibitors used were paclobutrazol and chlormequat. For such leguminous seedlings should be budded to flowering in the potato, with 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder 50 to 80 grams per acre, watered 30 to 50 kilograms, or with a concentration of 1 to 6 mg per kilogram of chlormequat solution For foliar spraying, spraying once every 7-10 days, even spraying 2 times, has obvious inhibitory effect on leggy seedlings, which will help increase the rate of large potatoes and increase yield.
Prevention and control of pests The major pests and diseases of autumn potato are late blight, mites and underground pests. In the middle and late September, 2% of 2 ml of Miller was used per acre to control underground pests, and late blight was controlled by using Rhizoctonia, Ledomil or Kimrimidol, and anti-virus drugs. When fleas occur, they can be treated with konjac. After spraying once every 7 to 10 days, even spraying 2 or 3 times, and timely removal of diseased plants.
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