A healthy tree is the basis for grape fruiting and stability, and fruiting is closely related to the nutrients in the tree. The nutrient in the tree is insufficient, the proportion of incomplete flowers increases, and the pollen germination rate is low, resulting in poor fruit setting. Flower and fruit drop is also a normal physiological phenomenon, too much fruit drop will cause a low fruit set rate.
Reasons for the vigorous growth of vines
1. Physiological defects: related to the characteristics of the variety itself, abnormal ovule development, imperfect pistil or stamen development, or partial pollen sterility, resulting in low fruit setting rate.
2. Climatic abnormality: during the flowering period of grapes, more suitable climatic conditions are required. The daytime temperature is 20-28℃, the lowest temperature is above 14℃, and the relative humidity of the air is about 65%. There are good light conditions, and the climate is abnormal during the flowering period. Climatic conditions such as low temperature, rainfall, drought, etc. directly affect the development and growth of inflorescences, and the normal pollination and fertilization process cannot be completed smoothly, resulting in a low fruit setting rate.
3. Insufficient nutrient storage of the tree: the nutrients required by the plants during the flowering period of grapes are mainly supplied by the nutrients stored in the stems and roots. If the load in the previous year is too large or the pests are serious, the branches will not mature well or the leaves will fall early. Insufficient nutrient storage will result in weak growth of new shoots, poor differentiation of inflorescence primitives, imperfect development, and insufficient development of floral organs, leading to flower drop during flowering, serious fruit drop after flowering, and low fruit setting rate.
4. Improper distribution of tree nutrient regulation: vegetative growth and reproductive growth are carried out at the same time during the flowering period of grapes, and vegetative growth and reproduction directly compete for nutrients, and the nutrients in this period mainly come from the nutrients stored in the tree, such as sprouts and fixed branches. , Topping, and the auxiliary shoots are not processed in time, which wastes a lot of tree nutrition and improper distribution of tree body nutrients. The tree body nutrients mainly provide vegetative growth, and insufficient nutrition for reproductive growth will result in poor differentiation of flower organs, resulting in poor pollination and fertilization. , Produce a lot of falling flowers and fruits, resulting in a low sitting rate.
5. Uncoordinated integrated management techniques: wiping buds, fixing branches, and topping are not carried out in time, poor ventilation and light transmission, irrigation or spraying of pesticides during flowering period, excessive nitrogen fertilizer application, excessive growth of new shoots, and delayed control of diseases and insect pests, resulting in low fruit setting rate.
The vine grows vigorously, the solution to the poor fruit setting
1. Control output and reserve nutrients: strictly control the load according to soil fertility, management level, climate, variety and other conditions. Ensure that the fruits and branches are normally and fully mature, and the flower buds are well differentiated, so that the nutrient accumulation of the tree is sufficient, and it can fully meet the nutrient needs of the next year's growth, flowering, pollination and fertilization.
2. Increase the application of organic fertilizers to improve soil fertility: increase the application of organic fertilizers, topdressing in time, improve soil fertility, and ensure a balanced supply of nutrient elements. Increased application of organic fertilizers can not only improve soil fertility, but also improve the structure of soil aggregates for grape growth. Create good environmental conditions, increase the absorption capacity of the root system, and timely irrigation and drainage according to the weather and soil conditions.
3. Timely wipe buds, fix branches, topping and processing auxiliary shoots: wipe buds and fix branches in time to reduce nutrient consumption, promote the further development of inflorescence, timely topping, adjust the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and make more nutrients through topping Flow to the inflorescence, according to the expected output, remove the excess inflorescence in time, reshape the inflorescence, save nutrients, meet the nutrient requirements of the remaining inflorescence to the greatest extent, and ensure the nutrient requirements of flowering, fertilization and pollination.
4. Spray boron fertilizer before flowering: spray borax solution for half a month during the flowering period to promote pollen tube germination and pollen tube elongation, which has obvious effects on increasing fruit setting, increasing yield and improving fruit quality.
5. Girdling at the initial flowering stage: In the flowering stage, use a double-edged girdling knife or a bud grafting knife to gird about 3 cm in the front of the fruiting branch or the first internode, which can increase the fruit setting rate.
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