One of the main factors in the prosperity of natural forests is the return of fallen leaves. Branches and leaves are the products of plant photosynthesis. They not only contain the mineral nutrients that the trees absorb and need, but also are the beneficial bacteria, earthworms and other microorganisms in the soil, and the animal nutrition and energy sources. Annual branches and deciduous returning can minimize the loss of the original mineral nutrients in the soil, maintain the original ecology of the soil, and improve the environment for the growth and development of soil beneficial bacteria and animal populations during the process of soil improvement. In this continuous cycle, the soil is constantly growing and fertile. Achieved the conditions for sustainable development. It eventually promoted the long-term prosperity of trees and forests.
The establishment of an orchard is a business model aimed at harvesting fruit. The growth, development and maturation of fruit can not be separated from the development of soil and the relative stability and balance of fertility and nutrition. The production and harvesting of fruit trees only take mature fruits every year. According to the loss of soil nutrients, it only takes 3% of the dry matter mass. That is, 97% of the dry matter mass in the fruit is carbohydrate—derived from photosynthesis and water; 3% is soil mineral nutrient—derived from the soil.
In the management of orchards, the by-products that can be defoliated or trimmed from fruit trees in autumn and winter, including the weeds in the garden, can be returned to the park. According to the harvest of 1000 kg of mature grape fruit, pure nitrogen (N) is taken as 3 kg, pure phosphorus (P2O5) is 1.5 kg, and pure potassium (K2O) is 3.6 kg. Others are medium-sized elements Ca, similar to potassium. Mg is between one-fourth and one-fifth of calcium, and trace elements such as iron, copper, manganese, zinc, boron, and molybdenum. For example, after we implement branches and weeds every year, in theory, we only need to supplement the mineral nutrients removed from the soil by grape fruits every year. It can achieve the nutritional status of the original soil. Nutrition ensures that the quality of the grapes is not lost in previous years. According to the actual conditions of the region's climate and soil environment, the utilization rate is about 50%, which means that producing 1000 kg of grapes requires 6 kg of pure nitrogen, 3 kg of pure phosphorus, and 7.2 kg of pure potassium. According to the normal weather conditions in the region under high quality Xiahe, under the normal management conditions, the yield per mu is about 750 kilograms. Therefore, in the case of branches, leaves, and grass returning to the vineyard each year, the vineyard uses no more than 4.5 kg of nitrogen, 2.25 kg of pure phosphorus, and 5.4 kg of pure potassium. Therefore, in the application of organic fertilizer or other fertilizers, the total amount should not exceed this amount. If the branches are taken out of the park, they can be doubled, but the problem is that the more exogenous fertilizer is, the more damage is caused to the yellow soil, especially the amount of fertilizer.
The natural phenomenon of “falling leaves†is not just a supplement to nutrition for our grapes. More importantly, it is a relatively balanced nutrition, providing substances that cannot be supplemented by external fertilizers, and at the same time, improves the water, gas, and heat of the soil. . The clay soil in this area is a cold soil, which is not suitable for the growth requirements of grape roots. If we do not pay attention to improving the deep soil conditions, it will lead to plump and early decay in the plum rainy season and early fall. Physiological diseases such as dry ear and fruit Soft, cracked fruit, falling grains and other phenomena will occur. Therefore, starting from the conditions required for grape growth and fruiting, it is necessary to follow the “deciduous roots†as relevant soil improvement measures. Specific can grasp a few key points:
1. After each spring flowering, the pruned vines and weeds in the field are crushed or chopped off in the following winter, and weeds can be added outside. The total number of weeds is about 600 kg per mu. The root disk is covered first, and then in the current year. In the autumn, the soil is buried in the garden when the local ditch is changed.
2. In case of rainy season, the drainage in the park should be strengthened so that the rain stops and is dry, not only the surface water, but also the internal water in the soil. The drainage of the internal waterlogging should be solved by adopting a reasonable setting of the ditch inside the park. The outer periphery can be quickly eliminated by wide and deep ditch, which can reduce the groundwater level in the rainy season, improve the conditions for soil aeration, ensure the healthy growth of roots and normal absorption of nutrients.
3. During the rainy season, the temperature and humidity in the park are high, and the harmful germs are easy to breed. Therefore, the root plate covers the material and is treated with beneficial bacteria. The organic liquid fertilizer containing beneficial bacteria, such as Yu Baokang, is treated once every 15 days, about 2 times. Around, the concentration is about 300 times.
In short, at the same time when the soil is reformed, it can be further used in combination with water-retaining agent, organic calcium, and organic trace elements to balance the soil water, fertilizer, gas, and heat conditions in the park and create a better environment for root growth and development. It is a key foundation for the healthy growth and solidity of grapes.
YT-H711
YT-H711
Shenzhen Sunshine Technology Co.,Ltd , https://www.szyatwin.com