In order to improve bitter gourd yield, field management is very important and the following key technologies should be grasped.
The cultivator weeding soil is generally planted in the water after the slow emergence of seedlings, to be the first time when the topsoil is not sticky when the first cultivator, in case of windy days or soil drought, can be re-watered once again before cultivating. The second cultivator can be carried out 10-15 days after the first cultivator. The cultivator should pay attention to the protection of new roots and should not be too deep. Each cultivator can be combined with a number of high-quality farmyard fertilizers: such as cake fats, all kinds of bird hair, and decomposed chicken manure and pig manure. After the scaffolding, when the melon vines grow to more than 50 cm, the roots are basically covered with the entire line, and it is generally not appropriate to plough the vines. But pay attention to timely removal of weeds. In the first cultivator, if a seedling or a weak seedling is found, it must be planted in time to preserve the seedlings.
Stretching and pruning When seedlings grow to about 20 centimeters, they need to be erected. There are two types of scaffolding: flat scaffolding and herringbone. The flat scaffolds are well ventilated and airy, produce many fruits and produce high yields. The flat scaffolding is divided into flat scaffolding and subdivision flat scaffolding. Lianping scaffolding is generally carried out in rows of melons. Every 3-4 meters, a wooden stake is erected. Above the small bamboo, small sticks or nylon nets are used to connect the stakes of the whole field into one piece. The roof of the shed is about 2 meters away from the ground. About meters; divided flat scaffolding is generally a shed for every two rows of melons, shed height of 1.5-2 meters. Straddles must be firm to prevent the wind from collapsing and damage the melon seedlings and affect the yield. In the early period, attention should be paid to artificially tying up vines and assisting melons to get on shelves. After the bitter gourd is put on the shelf, the main vine can not leave melons below 50 cm. The female flowers should be removed to facilitate the overall development. After the main vines sit 6-7 melons, leave 5-6 leaves to be topped and remove the rest of the vines.
Fertilizer and water management bitter gourd has a long growth period and the harvest period is more than 3 months. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure adequate supply of water and fertilizers, especially into the full fruit period. In case of drought, water should be poured every 7 days. Before watering, it should be combined with urea or compound fertilizer 7-10 kilograms per acre, in case of continuous rain, it should pay attention to drainage; at the same time foliar spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3 times.
Diseases and pests control balsam pear disease mainly anthrax disease, occurred in the middle and late. Control should be promptly removed from the residual, rotten, diseased leaves. Can also be used 50% thiophanate 800-1000 times, or 70% of chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times daily spray control in the early stages of the disease, pests mainly aphids, cabbage caterpillar, available emulsion 1000-2000 times Liquid or 40% Dimethoate 1500 times foliar spray.
The timely picking of the fruit on a bitter gourd is one after another. During the prosperous period of melons, mature melons should be picked once a day; use scissors when picking them to avoid tearing them. At the same time, we must eliminate the mixed melons, choose the color and melon-shaped preserved seeds, and do the picking on the same day, take the seeds and wash them on the same day to ensure the seed germination rate.
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