Ginger rot disease, also known as soft rot, is known as ginger borer in the main ginger producing areas. (I) Pathogens and infections Ginger disease is caused by infection with Xanenomonasxingiberl (Ugeda) Savule-Scu. In the bacterial classification, belongs to the genus H. auriculata. The cells are short-barreled, blunt at both ends and have I at one end. - 2 flagellums, the germs have a development temperature range of 5-40 degrees, the most suitable temperature is 28 degrees, the lethal temperature is 52 degrees (10 minutes), and the pH range is pH 4.5-9.3. The optimum range is 6.5-7.3. Ginger rot disease usually occurs in the main producing areas of Shandong ginger from the end of June to the middle of July. In the middle and late July, it enters into an epidemic period. From August to early September, serious onset occurs. The entire onset period lasts for nearly 100 days. , pathogenic bacteria in the soil and roots overwintering, bacteria can survive in the soil for more than two years, the roots of the bacteria is the first source of infection in the same field disease, but also the main source of long-distance transmission. After sowing ginger, it began to sporadically develop in the field. The pathogens spread through running water, wind and rain, and underground pests. They could invade the vascular bundle from the plant's wounds or leaves, and then spread rapidly along the vascular bundle. The adjacent parenchyma was damaged and rotted until the whole plant died. After the root rots, the pathogen stays in the soil as the sick body overwinters or continues to infest the host during the growing season. Soil, soil, and fertilizer are the main sources of primary infection. The diseased plant in the field is an important source of re-infestation. Water is the medium of propagation. The natural longitudinal cracks and mechanical wounds on ginger stem bases and ginger are pathogenic bacteria. The main route of intrusion. The main environmental factors affecting onset are temperature and rainfall. The average daily temperature in the field is suitable for disease at 19-31 degrees, and the optimum temperature is 26-3l degrees. Within the temperature adaptation range, the higher the temperature, the shorter the incubation period. The higher the mortality rate, the faster the death rate and the higher the frequency of re-infestation. The occurrence of diseased plants in the field center is closely related to the rainfall in June and July. According to a four-year data analysis of the Zaozhuang base in Shandong, the rainfall from late June to mid-September was related to the incidence rate, and the correlation coefficient was r=0.952, t=4.3985.P. (II) Micro-pollution, pollution-free control technology 1. Establishment None Disease-retained farmland is selected for high-drying, easy-drainage neutral soil plots, pay attention to the application of organic fertilizer without residue of stubble from ginger fields as base fertilizer, pay attention to deep plowing before sowing, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and adopt cultivation techniques. Choose a plot of uncultivated ginger for more than 3 years to establish a disease-free plot. 2. Choose disease-free ginger to pass the field selection and select two kinds of seeds before sowing, and strictly select ginger bulbs for planting. In the field, we must not only pay attention to the elimination of ginger and ginger, which are significantly yellowish-brown, but also to the healthy plants that are not withered, curled, ginger sprouts, or green leaves. Ginger was selected to require no discoloration of the rhizomes, normal surface of the ginger, and a heavy, hard and tough hand. The selected ginger can be soaked in a 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture for 20 minutes, or planted with plant ash, and minimize the appearance of wounds during operation. 3. It is also necessary to pay attention to arranging rotations with other vegetables or crops for 2-3 years in the rotation of field crops. 4. The timely removal of the diseased plants found in the field of central diseased plants should be promptly extirpated, and lime powder or turf dust should be applied in the original place, 0.1-0.2 kilograms per hole. The diseased plants should be digged and buried deep or used in the pits. Soak in water. 5. Timely control of underground pests against earthworms such as earthworms and cockroaches can be mixed with 1 part of pesticide and 50-60 parts of bait as poisonous baits inside and outside the seeding ditch. Malathion and phoxim can be used as pesticides, and wheat bran and bean cake flour can be used as bait, and 20-25 kg per mu can be applied. Timely control of underground pests can reduce underground wounds.
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