Ardisia Mamillata Hance, also known as Po Dinghong, is a small evergreen shrub of the genus Zijinuidae. The expert of the Langshan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences discovered for the first time in the shade of the primeval forest ridge in the Lingnan mountain range 600 meters above sea level in Dayu County, Jiangxi Province. It is a rare plant. In 1999, the plant discovery unit Lushan Botanical Garden exhibited its participation in the Kunming World Horticultural Expo and won the first prize in the indoor foliage plant prize. It is a special emerging flower variety that has emerged in domestic and foreign markets. In May 2002, the State and Jiangxi Provincial Science and Technology Commission accepted and adopted the demonstration technology of breeding tiger tongue red in Dayu County Science and Technology Association Huamu Base. The technology was introduced as follows. First, growth habits Tiger tongue is a shade plant, hi cool and humid climate, avoid dry exposure; hi acidic to neutral humus soil, avoid alkaline soil consolidation. Plant height 15 cm to 35 cm, stems hairy. Leaves alternate, densely crowned, obovate, 6 cm to 13 cm long, 3 cm to 5 cm wide, acuminate or blunt-tapered, base cuneate; leaves adaxially ruddy, covered with pale pink glands, The dense white velvet hair, commonly known as fluff, can refract the light, allowing the viewer to see the colorful and colorful colors, the back of the leaves pale red. Pink flowers in summer, twin umbels, inflorescence stems and pedicels all long, calyx, corolla split 5, stamens 5, pedicels with green bean size, 5 to 12 in a cluster, many fruiting up to 20 clusters There are lingering buds and styles. At the temperature of 10Â°C, tiger tongue red begins to sprout, and the optimum growth temperature is 14Â°C to 31Â°C. When it is below 8Â°C and above 36Â°C, it enters a physiological dormant state, which is lower than -7Â°C. In the south, there are three peak periods of vegetative growth: the spring shoots, the buds sprouting in mid-March to the end of April, the summer shoots from May to the beginning of August, and the autumns from the mid-August to mid-November. Each time the shoots were harvested, there was a small amount of leaves falling from the previous year and the previous year. Flower bud shoots appear in early April, buds in late May, bloom in early July, bear fruit in late July, mature around mid-October, new fruit ripen last year's red fruit has fallen one after another, there are also a lot of fruit sticking out from the branches Germination. For many years, there are new leaves of red and green berries or red and green fruits alternately for viewing. Second, sexual reproduction Through sowing nursery, is to obtain a large number of precious seedlings, low-cost expansion of an effective way. Under protected cultivation conditions, it can be sown and propagated throughout the year. 1. Seed harvesting tiger tongue red all year round has fruit, providing a good germplasm resource conditions for timely breeding. There are two concentrated periods for large-scale seed production. One is around mid-October, picking up a batch of red-ripened seeds in seedlings not sold as commodity seedlings to reduce the nutrient load of the plants, which is conducive to the continued growth of the stems and roots of the plants and wintering. Second, at the end of April of the following year, a group of unsold commercial seedlings were picked to facilitate the growth of the plants. In addition, some seeds are kept all year round on the branches, which not only increases the ornamental value but also facilitates the dispatching at any time and supports the development of this famous variety. 2. Seeds harvested during the seed treatment period can be directly seeded and harvested. The second is to use medium and small grains of wet sand, grasp the hand into a group, loose the looseness of the humidity, according to the seed and wet sand ratio of 1:3 mixed storage in the room, spread into 3 cm to 5 cm high, pay attention to ventilation and prevent rodents , often spray water to maintain the same humidity. Seed when half of the seed buds grow 0.3 centimeters or so. The third is to spread the harvested seeds in the cool place for 3 days to promote the physiological maturity of the seeds. Then the peels and flesh are washed away in the clean water and the wet sand is stored in proportion to promote early germination of the seeds. In addition, some fruit on the branch after the last year's fruit-bearing seeds entered the end of July. When the shoot length was 0.3 cm, they were picked gently in the early morning and directly sown. The survival rate was highest. When dispatching outwards, it may be mailed or train checked after being mixed with mature wet wood chips. 3. One way to sow seedlings is to cultivate seedlings on the protected land: the soil of the nursery with the mixed basal fertilizer should be leveled and made fine so that the nursery ground is flat and there are no earth blocks and stones. It is a seed bed that is about 13 cm high and has a natural length of 1 m to 1.2 m. Press 8 cm 4 cm line spacing from the plant spacing, then sprinkle 0.2 to 0.4 cm thick rotten wood chips in the sowing line, and gently suppress the sheet with a thin bed, which will help preserve the larvae and promote the expansion of the capillaries. The second is container seedlings. Select a 8 cm 8 cm (diameter high) soft plastic container, fill the nutrient substrate with 90% of the height, soak one seed per pot, cover with rotted wood chips or covered with straw. Another corner of the seedbed, postponed 10 days of seeding, sowing rate of about 10% of the container seed. When the radicle is born, the epicotyl is extended, the lateral roots are not sprouted, and the seed shell has not yet fallen off, the hair root growth point is cut off, and the seedling transplantation is filled into the ungerminated container to ensure that the seedling empty basin is not lacking. Spraying water with a water spray device or a sprayer does not expose the roots of the seeds. Generally, the leaves grow for about 30 days. In the stage of germination and seedlings, the temperature must be 12Â° C. to 35Â° C. to facilitate the normal growth of the seedlings. Third, asexual reproduction Cutting time When the air temperature is between 16Â°C and 30Â°C and the air relative humidity is about 90%, the survival rate of cuttings is higher. The temperature is low, and the rooting is slow. If the temperature is too high, the cutting incision will be easily rotted. In spring in April, the best ones are in the autumn from the end of August to the middle of September, and the survival rate is over 90%. 2. The cuttings are selected by cutting them out of the main section. The tiger tongue red plants are relatively short, and the two or three-year-old plants with good growth tendency are selected as the mother plants, and the carbendazim 800 times solution is sprayed three days before the cutting, and the panicles are harvested before 9 o'clock in the morning. Cut the trunk 3 cm away from the ground at the mother plant and take a 4 or 6 cm long double or multiple bud cuttings. The upper and lower ends are cut by 0.3 cm at the joint. Pay attention to the polarity of the cuttings. Take 3 to 6 leaves and leave no leaves. The rooting rate was 95% higher when the cutting roots were soaked in 30 mg/L ABT rooting powder solution for 1 hour than in the untreated direct cuttings. After being flattened, the mother plant can quickly grow and grow two or three new branches, allowing them to grow naturally, and the plants are more plump and beautiful. 3. Cuttings Method Red tongue red cuttings can be carried out in nutritious bags or seedbeds, using a clean stick of the size of a chopstick to make holes in the culture medium, insert the depth of 1/2 to 2/3 of the total length of the cuttings into the holes, and compact them. Density is preferably 200 per square meter of nursery bed, one per nutrition bag. Artificial intermittent spraying under shading conditions, from the initial 8 times a day, gradually reduce the number of times later, and conditions, such as full-light automatic spray. 4. Cuttage management Cuttings After growing adventitious roots and exposing new leaf buds, the solution can be sprayed with 1 kg of water plus 0.5 g of urea plus 0.3 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. The effect of growth is obvious. Pay attention to the seedbed can not be too wet, individual cuttings should be promptly removed in the base of the mold, spray 1 to 2 times carbendazim 1000 times in the seedbed.

Take a look at the applications of mushroom extracts

Mushroom extracts are active ingredients extracted from mushrooms. Mushrooms are a class of edible fungi with rich nutritional and medicinal values, containing a variety of bioactive substances, such as polysaccharides, polypeptides, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, etc., which have a wide range of bioactivities such as antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial, immunomodulation and so on.

The following are some common application fields:
1. Pharmaceutical field: mushroom extracts have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-viral effects, and can be used to treat cancer, inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases and so on. For example, Ganoderma lucidum extract is widely used in the adjuvant treatment of cancers such as liver cancer and lung cancer.
2. In the field of health care products: mushroom extracts are rich in polysaccharides and polypeptides and other nutrients, which have the effects of enhancing immunity, delaying aging and improving sleep, and can be used to make health care products. For example, Cordyceps sinensis extract is used to make immunomodulation and anti-fatigue health products.
3. Cosmetic field: mushroom extracts have antioxidant and anti-aging effects, and can be used to make anti-aging, whitening, moisturizing and other effects of cosmetics. For example, ginkgo biloba extract is used to make whitening masks, anti-aging essence and other products.

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