The planting season of cucumber is divided into autumn and winter sorghum, wintering sorghum and winter sorghum. In view of the excessive fertilization in its production, the proportion of fertilization is unreasonable, excessive irrigation leads to serious nutrient loss, and the applied organic fertilizer is mainly livestock and poultry manure. The following fertilization principles are proposed: the imbalance of nutrient ratio and the decrease of soil biological activity, as well as the continuous cropping disorder, such as serious deterioration of soil quality, decreased nutrient absorption efficiency, and decreased vegetable quality.
(1) Reasonable application of organic fertilizer, promotion of application of high-quality organic compost (recommended use of plant-derived organic compost), the old vegetable shed should pay more high carbon and nitrogen than external straw or organic fertilizer, and less poultry manure;
(2) According to the soil fertility conditions and the application amount of organic fertilizer, comprehensively consider the supply of soil nutrients, and appropriately adjust the amount of NPK fertilizer;
(3) Adopting reasonable fertigation techniques and following the principle of “small number of times†of fertigation;
(4) Nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are mainly used for topdressing, and a small amount of multiple application, avoiding the application of compound fertilizer with high phosphorus content. It is not suitable for topdressing in the seedling stage, and pay attention to topdressing in the middle and late stages. (5) Appropriate application of acidic soil such as lime when soil acidification is serious Conditioner.
2. Fertilization advice
(1) Incubating seedlings to increase the application of decomposed organic fertilizer, supplementing the application of phosphate fertilizer, applying 60-100 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per 10 m2 seedbed, 0.5-1 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 0.5 kg of potassium sulfate, and spraying 0.05% according to the seedling condition. ~0.1% urea solution 1~2 times;
(2) 4 yuan/mu of high-quality organic fertilizer applied to base fertilizer;
(3) The production level is 14000-16000 kg/mu, nitrogen fertilizer (N) 40～45 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 13～18 kg/mu, potassium fertilizer (K2O) 50～55 kg/mu;
(4) The production level is 11,000-14000 kg/mu, the nitrogen fertilizer (N) is 35-40 kg/mu, the phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) is 11-13 kg/mu, and the potassium fertilizer (K2O) is 40-50 kg/mu;
(5) The production level is 7000~11000 kg/mu, the nitrogen fertilizer (N) is 28-35 kg/mu, the phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) is 12-17 kg/mu, and the potassium fertilizer (K2O) is 30-40 kg/mu;
(6) The production level is 4000-7000 kg/mu, the nitrogen fertilizer (N) is 20-28 kg/mu, the phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) is 10-15 kg/mu, and the potassium fertilizer (K2O) is 25-30 kg/mu.
If drip fertigation technology is used, the fertilizer application rate can be reduced by 20%. If the water is flooded, it is necessary to increase the fertilizer amount by 20% for each fertilization.
All organic fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers are applied as base fertilizers in the facility. The initial flowering period is mainly controlled. All nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are regularly applied in 6-8 times according to the nutrient requirements during the growth period; the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied per time does not exceed 5 kg/mu; The nitrogen and potassium fertilizers of autumn and winter glutinous rice and winter spring glutinous rice are divided into 6 to 7 times of topdressing, and the nitrogen and potassium fertilizers of wintering long carp are divided into 8 to 11 times of topdressing. If drip fertigation technology is adopted, the principle of a small number of times can be adopted, and the number of fertigations is about 15 times.
This article URL: 2017 facility cucumber cultivation techniques and fertilization methods
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