The reason for the duck
Muscovy ducks and general domestic ducks can be crossed, is a distant hybridization between different species and different species, the hybrid offspring known as ducks, generally have a strong advantage of hybridization, but no reproductive ability. The duck has the characteristics of fast growth, good meat quality, good liver production performance, low material consumption, strong disease resistance, low feeding cost, high output efficiency, and is welcomed by farmers. In recent years, China has used the artificial insemination technology to breed ducks and ducks, so that the fertilization rate of the ducks has increased from 3% to 40% to more than 70%, which has played a promoting role in the production of ducks and improved the breeding efficiency of farmers.
Duck breeding method
The common mating methods for duck production include natural mating, assisted breeding and artificial insemination. Natural mating is to provide enough male Muscovy ducks in the ratio of 1:3-4 in the female mother duck. Before 20-22 weeks of sexual maturity, the male Muscovy duck and mother duck mix, so that the male and female have a longer time to adapt to the process of the environment, in order to improve the fertility rate. The disadvantage is that there are a large number of male ducks, and there are disparities in the body weight of male and female ducks and domestic female ducks, which make them difficult to mate and are not widely used in production.
Artificial auxiliary breeding
Bring the ducks to the drake near the mating platform and use the right hand to catch the duck's wings to avoid strenuous struggle with the ducks. Hold the duck in the left hand and sink the body of the duck into the water. With his head exposed on the surface of the water (or on land), the breeder's left arm stretches straight forward, allowing the duck to step side by side on the back of the duck, and pull the right side of the duck to prevent Escape. If the male duck does not mate, select her mother Muscovy duck to induce the male duck to stand on the back of the mother Muscovy duck, and another person to catch the mother Muscovy duck standing next to the female duck to be sexually impulsive and grab the mother duck Muscovy neck feathers At the same time, the mother Muscovy duck sinking in the water, when the release of the public Muscovy Duckbill, the Muscovy Duck will be open from the underwater to open the belly of the male duck, so that the male duck to change the mother Muscovy duck neck mating. After 5-10 mating trainings, mating ducks can only be mated after the condition of conditioned reflexes on the postures and movements of artificial mating. If the male duck has good constitution, strong sexual desire and skilled operation, the fertilization rate can reach 60%-80%.
Artificial collection
First of all, artificial insemination must be well prepared before sperm collection. The male and female ducks should be isolated 2 weeks before the sperm collection, and the small groups or individual cages should be kept so as not to cross and attack each other. There should be 3-5 days of training before fertilization. The penis, sexual response, and semen quality of selected male ducks were examined, and selected ducks with a large amount of ejaculate, thick semen, milky white, high sperm density, and strong vigor. Semen collection methods include house duck sensation method, massage method, electric stimulation method, false vaginal method, house duck inducement and massage combination method.
House duck inducement
Use the mother duck to induce the male duck to catch the female duck and catch the female duck's head and neck. When climbing over the female duck's back, let him mate. Semen grazing on the right side of the duck, facing the tail, when the duck frequently shakes, the sperm extractor left holding the collection cup to block the cloacal cavity of the duck, set fine cup tilted to the top left, and the ground was 60 degrees angle Close to the left abdomen of the female duck to prevent penetration of the penis into the cloaca of the female duck. When the sexual impulse of the duck reaches its peak, the penis of the drake will automatically reach the collection cup and ejaculate. When the duck has a strong libido and skilled in sperm collection, it can be completed within 1-2 minutes. Usually, the sperm volume is 0.44-2.2 ml.
Fallopian tube evacuation
The peddler gently pressed the back of the female duck with his left foot, squeezed the lower edge of the cloaca with his right hand, forced the cloaca to open to expose the vaginal opening, and then used his right hand to inject the semen from the vagina into the semen and release the semen. Left hand. The mating staff should do a good job of disinfection to prevent vaginal inflammation of the mother duck.
Finger-guided insemination
The breeder gently inserts the cloacal cavity from the mouth of the female duck with his left index finger, and searches for the vaginal opening at the left lower side of the cloacal cavity. The sphincter of the vaginal opening is tight and the intestine is loose. When the mouth of the vagina is touched, the tip of the index finger of the left hand presses against the contractor muscle of the vaginal opening, and at the same time, the right hand inserts the head of the spermatophore in the direction of the left index finger and inserts the index finger into the vaginal opening of the cloaca, then the index finger is extracted and the semen is injected. Each time the number of spermatozoa entered is not less than 100 million, ie about 0.2-0.5 ml of diluted semen. It is generally believed that insemination is about 3 days, the fertilization rate is the highest, and the rate of fertilization in the evening insemination is higher than that in the morning.
Semen dilution
Using 5.7% glucose solution, phosphate buffer solution and 0.9% physiological saline respectively, diluted 1:1 each with Muscovy duck sperm, the insemination volume was 0.06 ml, and the fertilization rates were 65.5%, 63.4% and 66.5%, respectively; 1 g of sodium, 0.06 g of potassium chloride, 0.05 g of sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate and 100 ml of distilled water were used to prepare dilutions, and the fertilization rate reached 56%-72%.
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