As we all know, reasonable irrigation is very important during crop planting, which will determine whether there is production in the harvest season. In recent years, with the destruction of the environment, especially in many areas in summer, if there is no reasonable irrigation. Crops will lead to no granules. The following is the best agricultural irrigation method compiled by Huinong. Farmers have a quick look!
1. Ditch irrigation: first ditch the corn row and then introduce the water into the ditch. The advantages are firstly to reduce the contact surface between the water flow and the surface of the earth, and to reduce the degree of water damage of the soil aggregates. Therefore, the soil at the root of the corn is loose and well ventilated, which is beneficial to the growth and development of the corn. Secondly, the furrow irrigation can adopt different ditch depth, groove direction and groove shape according to different topography and soil water permeability. This method is generally used after jointing. After the jointing, the field management is generally carried out with topdressing, so that the corn row naturally becomes a ditch. In order to control the amount of water and to prevent lodging after irrigation, trench irrigation or semi-groove irrigation is often used.
2, 畦 irrigation: easier to control the amount of water than flood irrigation, can reduce the loss of surface compaction and fertilizer. The advantage of this method is that the size of the ground can be determined according to the level of the ground and the size of the ground. This method of irrigation is generally used before sowing and at the seedling stage.
3, sprinkler irrigation: the so-called artificial rainfall irrigation, is the pressure to spray water through the nozzle and nozzle into the air, so that the irrigation water falls on the corn and the ground as uniform as the rain, first by water to infiltrate the soil water supply. The advantage is that the erosion of the soil by the irrigation water is reduced and the soil compaction is avoided. Sprinkler irrigation water can be controlled at will, saving 15-30% of water consumption compared to ground irrigation.
In order to improve the atomization degree, spray uniformity and spray intensity, advanced techniques such as slow sprinkler irrigation, pulse sprinkler irrigation and spray should be used to improve the spray quality, and automation and remote control technology can also be utilized.
4. Drip irrigation: It is a new type of irrigation method for underground irrigation development. It utilizes a low-pressure tube guiding system that allows irrigation water droplets to slowly and often shallowly root the root zone. It is the role of soil capillary growth, from the underground to the corn root distribution layer, for corn growth and development. It can supply water according to the water demand of corn. Can better save water, promote corn growth and increase production.
Crop planting, water irrigation is very important, as long as the water supply crops can grow healthy, so the above crop irrigation methods are quickly collected!
API Powder is fully defined in ICH Q7A as any substance or mixture of substances intended for use in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products and, when used in pharmaceutical products, as an active ingredient of pharmaceutical products. Such substances have pharmacological activities or other direct effects in the diagnosis, treatment, symptom relief, management or prevention of disease, or can affect the function or structure of the body. The active ingredient of a medicine. Only when an API is processed into a pharmaceutical preparation can it become a medicine for clinical application.
According to its source, apis are divided into chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs.
Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into inorganic synthetic drugs and organic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds (very few are elements), such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium trisilicate for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer, etc. Organic synthetic drugs are mainly made of basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions and drugs (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.).
Natural chemical drugs can also be divided into biochemical drugs and phytochemical drugs according to their sources. Antibiotics are generally produced by microbial fermentation and belong to the category of biochemistry. In recent years, a variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics are the combination of biosynthesis and chemical synthesis products. Among apis, organic synthetic drugs account for the largest proportion of variety, yield and output value, which is the main pillar of chemical pharmaceutical industry. The quality of the API determines the quality of the preparation, so its quality standards are very strict. All countries in the world have formulated strict national pharmacopoeia standards and quality control methods for the widely used APIS.
Specific API after processing -- pharmaceutical preparations
The term API is used mainly in relation to the finished product. Mainly raw materials obtained by chemical processing means, supply raw materials for the production of finished drugs. For example, cefpirome sulfate for injection is a drug, then cefpirome sulfate is an API
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