Before the planting, choose a paddy field with low groundwater level, good soil quality and fertile soil. For the former rice field, proper drying should be carried out. The time should be about 10 days before rice is harvested. In the harvest of single-season rice, it is required that the rice borer be harvested and the height of the rice pile be controlled to be less than 10 cm so that the pile cannot be retained. After the late rice is harvested, apply 1000-15000 kg/mu of compound fertilizer, 25-30 kg of compound fertilizer, 15-20 kg of superphosphate, 5 kg of potassium chloride, 1 kg of zinc fertilizer and 1 kg of boron fertilizer per acre. After the entire field plate spread as base fertilizer, and then immediately open a good three ditch (ditch ditch, waist ditch, ditch), width 1.5 meters wide, gutter groove width 20-30 cm, ditch depth 15-20 cm; if the field Larger, the central need to open the waist groove, waist groove width 20 cm, groove depth 30 cm; Waigou ditch width 20 cm, ditch depth of 35 cm or so. Grate the gully and spread it evenly over the surface so that the surface is smooth and smooth.
Crop tilling depends on the harvest time of previous crops. It is better to sow in the appropriate sowing date than before. Zhongdaotian rape is required to be sown before September 25, and a combination with a longer growth period is selected. The double-season late rice field rapeseed is required to be planted before October 25th, and the species with shorter growth period should be selected. The seeding rate depends on the seed germination rate and soil moisture, generally 200-250 grams per acre. The sowing method can be used for seeding, sowing, sowing or sowing. The method of sowing and sowing is better. The seedling emergence is fast and the yield is high. The sowing depth of sowing is generally 3.0-3.5 cm, the spacing is 30-33 cm, and the spacing is 35 cm. Each seed sowing 4-5 seeds to ensure that there are 7000-8000 holes per mu. Drill rows 30-35 cm. When spreading by hand, it is possible to bring the scales down to the field for quantitative seeding. In general, 20 kg dry fine soil plus 1 kg of borax per acre is used to sow the seeds after sowing. If sowing can directly spread the dry fine soil, borax and seed mixture on the surface. First broadcast 2/3 of the quantitative amount, and then use the remaining 1/3 to make up the uniform. About 20,000 per acre adult plant density. If the sowing date is later, if it is late to mid-October, the sowing rate per acre can be increased to 300 grams, and the planting density per acre can reach 25,000 or more. If the soil moisture is poor, drought should be promptly applied after sowing so as to ensure that all seedlings are broadcast.
After applying the seed rapeseed, the seed fertilizer is applied. Generally, 500 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer (without soil miscellaneous fertilizer can be used instead of fine soil) and 10 kg of phosphate fertilizer are mixed and sprinkled in the seeding ditch or sowing hole to cover the species. If sowing, 50 kg of compound fertilizer per mu can be applied to the surface after sowing.
Early seedlings combined with cultivating top dressing and early morning and evening seedlings. In the cotyledon stage of seedlings, it is necessary to timely inspect seedlings and replant seedlings to remove clustered seedlings. The live seedlings are usually seeded at 2-3 leaves and seedlings at 4-5 leaves.
Timely after weeding the three ditch, the mu should be sprayed with 41% glyphosate 200-300 ml water and 50 kg evenly. Directly sow 2-3 days after application. The field immediately after the last planting was allowed to sow, and the herbicide was selected according to the grass condition. The rapeseed field mainly consisted of grasses and weeds, and 10.8% of fluphanopyrrolidone emulsifiable concentrate could be used in 20-30 ml of water and 50 kg of water. , weeding in the weed 3-5 leaf stage; mainly broad-leaved weeds, mu with 10% Caojing Ling EC 25-30 ml of water 50 kg, in the 6-8 leaf phase of rape spray control.
After the control of strengthening the seedlings, 50 grams of 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder per acre is sprayed on 50-60 kg of water once to prevent the tall plantlets.
In cultivating soil, no-cultivated direct-seeded rape has not been ploughed, the soil is compacted, there are many weeds, and it is unfavorable for the roots to squat. Therefore, it must be 2-3 times deep in the seedling stage, combined with cultivator to root the roots, eliminate weeds, and loosen. The soil promotes the lower roots to prevent late lodging.
Timely top-dressing light-lifting seedlings, combined with inter- and fixed seedlings (3-5 leaf phases), 250-500 kg of human and animal fertilizers per mu for 3 kg of urea, 150 g of borax, and 50 kg of urea-specific compound fertilizer plus urea. -8 kilograms of applicator. Before the winter, apply a wax fertilizer, mainly semi-cooked pig cattle barn dung and grass ash, and apply 10 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to the nearby area to promote root growth, increase resistance, and ensure strong wintering. , 5 kg of urea and 4 kg of potassium chloride can also be used in the evening on sunny days without leaves dew. After the spring is applied, a manure is applied. Usually, 500-750 kilograms of manure and livestock manure plus 2 kilograms of urea and 0.2 kilograms of boron fertilizer are applied to water. The first flowering stage and full flowering period were applied to the leaves for 2 times fertilization. Each time the mu was sprayed with 0.15 kg of boron fertilizer and 0.2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2 kg.
Drought-proof and anti-staining is generally 1-2 times if it meets autumn and winter drought. At the same time insist on doing a good job before the rain. Earth mulch, ditch after the rain, flood control, reduce the humidity in the field.
Prevention of pests and diseases Due to the higher density of live rapeseed transplanting than nursery transplanting, it is generally during the period of convulsions that yellow leaves and leaves are used to facilitate ventilation and light transmission to reduce pests and diseases. The seedling stage focuses on controlling aphids and cabbage caterpillars. The flowering period focuses on the control of Sclerotinia.
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