The potato is a high-yield tuber crop that requires more fertilizer. It requires a cool climate, loose sand soil, and a short growing period. When fertilizing, there should be more farmyard manure in combination with chemical fertilizer as a base fertilizer, which can improve the physical properties of the soil. In favor of growth and tuber, the application amount of basal fertilizer accounted for more than 70% of the total amount of fertilizer. Appropriate application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and trace element fertilizer can increase the quality of production. The types and quantities of nutrients needed by potatoes during different growth stages are different. From the germination to the seedling stage, nutrients contained in tubers are mainly used, and less nutrients are required. The climate in cold mountainous regions is cold and cold, and the temperature in early periods is low. If too much fertilizer is also easy to cause burning seedlings. The advent of summer rain is a crucial period for potato topdressing. Top dressing is divided into two stages. First, seedling raising fertilizer is applied. When seedling height is about 15 centimeters after seedling formation, combined with cultivator soil, 5-8 kg of urea per acre is used to pour water. Stem and leaf growth; Second, promoting potato fertilizer, in the hair planting stage and potato stage to meet the nutrients required for tuber, promote early tuber, more tubers. The second topdressing and cultivating and weeding were carried out when the plant height was about 40 cm at the time of budding; 2/3 of the topdressing nitrogen fertilizer was used to protect the seedling fertilizer, and the remaining 1â„3 of the nitrogen fertilizer was applied to promote the potato fertilizer according to the growth status of the plant.
Potatoes are high-yielding potassium crops. The ratio of potato to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is 2:1:4. It can be seen that the demand for potassium from potato is the largest, and 10 kg of potassium sulfate is applied per acre for the promotion of potato, and the soil is ridged immediately after fertilization. At the same time, cultivating and weeding were carried out; the effect of potash fertilizer application on yield increase was obvious, and potassium sulfate had the best effect. Magnesium fertilizer also has a significant effect on potato production. Micro-fertilizers such as borax magnesium fertilizer are generally sprayed at the beginning of the flowering stage, once every 7 days, three times in a row, with a concentration of 0.05% borax and 0.5% magnesium sulfate.
After flowering, potato generally does not perform rhizosphere topdressing, especially if nitrogen fertilizer is not applied in the rhizosphere. Otherwise, improper fertilization will cause stems and leaves to grow in length, hindering the formation of tubers, delaying development, and easily producing small and deformed potatoes, and the dry matter content will be reduced. Susceptible to late blight and scab. After flowering, the potato is mainly topdressed by foliar spraying with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. After every 8-15 days, the leaves are sprayed with 0.3%-9.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 50kg/mu for 2-3 consecutive times. Nitrogen deficiency can increase 100-150 grams of urea spray. By top dressing with roots, tuber yield can be significantly increased, and tuber quality and storage stability can be improved.
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